Web Services Topics:

chat, e-mail, video conferencing, e-Learning, e-Banking, e-Shopping, e-Reservation, e-Governance, e-Groups, social networking.

🌐 Internet Services and Applications

📘 Class 10 Computer Applications – Code 165

The internet is a powerful tool that offers a wide range of services to help people communicate, learn, shop, and manage their lives more efficiently. These services are used in education, business, governance, and daily life.

💬 1. Chat

Definition:
Chat is a real-time text-based communication between two or more users over the internet.

Subtypes:

• Instant Messaging (IM): WhatsApp, Telegram
• Web Chat: Live chat on websites
• IRC (Internet Relay Chat): Used in tech forums

Protocols Used:

• XMPP (Extensible Messaging and Presence Protocol)
• IRC Protocol

Advantages:

• Instant communication
• Supports multimedia (images, videos, emojis)
• Easy to use and accessible

Disadvantages:

• Requires internet
• Can be distracting
• Risk of cyberbullying or misuse

📧 2. E-mail (Electronic Mail)

Definition:
E-mail is a method of exchanging digital messages over the internet.

Subtypes:

• Web-based Email: Gmail, Yahoo Mail
• Client-based Email: Outlook, Thunderbird

Protocols Used:

• SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol) – for sending
• POP3 (Post Office Protocol v3) – for downloading
• IMAP (Internet Message Access Protocol) – for syncing

Advantages:

• Fast and reliable communication
• Can attach files and documents
• Accessible globally

Disadvantages:

• Spam and phishing risks
• Requires email management
• Needs internet access

🎥 3. Video Conferencing

Definition:
Video conferencing allows people to communicate face-to-face over the internet using video and audio.

Subtypes:

• One-to-One Conferencing
• Group Conferencing
• Webinars (Online seminars)

Protocols Used:

• WebRTC (Web Real-Time Communication)
• SIP (Session Initiation Protocol)

Advantages:

• Saves travel time
• Enables remote learning and work
• Interactive and collaborative

Disadvantages:

• Requires high-speed internet
• May face technical issues
• Privacy concerns

🎓 4. E-Learning

Definition:
E-learning refers to learning conducted via digital platforms using the internet.

Subtypes:

• Self-paced Courses: Coursera, Khan Academy
• Live Classes: Zoom, Google Meet
• MOOCs (Massive Open Online Courses)

Advantages:

• Flexible and accessible learning
• Wide range of subjects
• Cost-effective and scalable

Disadvantages:

• Requires discipline and motivation
• Limited hands-on experience
• Internet dependency

🏦 5. E-Banking

Definition:
E-banking (online banking) allows users to perform banking transactions through the internet.

Subtypes:

• Net Banking
• Mobile Banking
• ATM Services
• UPI Payments

Protocols Used:

• HTTPS (Secure Web Protocol)
• SSL/TLS (Encryption protocols)

Advantages:

• 24/7 access to banking services
• Fast and paperless transactions
• Reduces need to visit bank branches

Disadvantages:

• Risk of fraud and hacking
• Technical errors or outages
• Requires digital literacy

🛒 6. E-Shopping

Definition:
E-shopping refers to buying goods and services online.

Subtypes:

• B2C (Business to Consumer): Amazon, Flipkart
• C2C (Consumer to Consumer): OLX, eBay
• B2B (Business to Business): Alibaba

Protocols Used:

• HTTPS
• SSL/TLS

Advantages:

• Convenience and time-saving
• Wide variety of products
• Easy comparison and reviews

Disadvantages:

• Risk of scams or fake products
• No physical inspection before buying
• Delivery delays or issues

🧳 7. E-Reservation

Definition:
E-reservation allows users to book tickets or services online.

Subtypes:

• Travel Reservation: IRCTC, MakeMyTrip
• Event Booking: BookMyShow
• Hotel Booking: OYO, Airbnb

Protocols Used:

• HTTPS
• SSL/TLS

Advantages:

• Saves time and effort
• Real-time availability and confirmation
• Easy cancellations and modifications

Disadvantages:

• Technical glitches or payment failures
• Fraudulent websites
• Requires internet and digital access

🏛️ 8. E-Governance

Definition:
E-Governance refers to the use of digital platforms by the government to provide services to citizens.

Subtypes:

• G2C (Government to Citizen): DigiLocker, Passport Seva
• G2B (Government to Business): GST Portal
• G2G (Government to Government): Internal portals

Protocols Used:

• HTTPS
• SSL/TLS

Advantages:

• Transparency and accountability
• Faster service delivery
• Reduces corruption and paperwork

Disadvantages:

• Digital divide (not accessible to all)
• Data security risks
• Technical challenges in implementation

👥 9. E-Groups

Definition:
E-Groups are online communities formed around shared interests or goals.

Subtypes:

• Discussion Forums: Google Groups
• Social Groups: WhatsApp, Facebook Groups
• Mailing Lists: Yahoo Groups (discontinued)

Protocols Used:

• SMTP, POP3, IMAP (for email-based groups)

Advantages:

• Easy collaboration and communication
• Knowledge sharing
• Community support

Disadvantages:

• Spam and irrelevant messages
• Group misuse or conflicts
• Privacy issues

🌐 10. Social Networking

Definition:
Social networking platforms allow users to create profiles and connect with others.

Subtypes:

• Personal Networking: Facebook, Instagram
• Professional Networking: LinkedIn
• Microblogging: Twitter

Protocols Used:

• HTTPS
• APIs for app integration

Advantages:

• Stay connected with friends and family
• Share updates, photos, and videos
• Build professional networks and communities

Disadvantages:

• Addiction and time wastage
• Privacy concerns and data misuse
• Cyberbullying and misinformation

📝 Summary Table